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The governing bodies in each country operate league systems in a domestic season, normally comprising several divisions, in which the teams gain points throughout the season depending on results.[link widoczny dla zalogowanych] Teams are placed into tables, placing them in order according to points accrued. Most commonly, each team plays every other team in its league at home and away in each season, in a round-robin tournament. At the end of a season, the top team is declared the champion. The top few teams may be promoted to a higher division, and one or more of the teams finishing at the bottom are relegated to a lower division.[63] The teams finishing at the top of a country's league may be eligible also to play in international club competitions in the following season. The main exceptions to this system occur in some Latin American leagues, which divide football championships into two sections named Apertura and Clausura (Spanish for Opening and Closing), awarding a champion for each.[64] The majority of countries supplement the league system with one or more "cup" competitions organised on a knock-out basis.
Some countries' top divisions feature highly paid star players;[link widoczny dla zalogowanych] in smaller countries and lower divisions,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], players may be part-timers with a second job, or amateurs. The five top European leagues – the Premier League (England),[65] La Liga (Spain), Serie A(Italy), the Bundesliga (Germany) and Ligue 1 (France) – attract most of the world's best players and each of the leagues has a total wage cost in excess of ￡600 million/€763 million/$1.185 billion.
Women have been playing association football since the first recorded women's game in 1895 in North London. It has traditionally been associated with charity games and physical exercise, particularly in the United Kingdom.[67] This perception began to change in the 1970s with the breakthrough of organised women's association football. Association football is the most prominent team sport for women in several countries, and one of the few women's team sports with professional leagues.
The growth in women's football has seen major competitions being launched at both national and international level mirroring the male competitions. Women's football faced many struggles throughout its fight for right. It had a "golden age" in the United Kingdom in the early 1920s when crowds reached 50,000 at some matches;[68]this was stopped on 5 December 1921 when England's Football Association voted to ban the game from grounds used by its member clubs.[link widoczny dla zalogowanych] The FA's ban was rescinded in December 1969 with UEFA voting to officially recognise women's football in 1971.[67] The FIFA Women's World Cup was inaugurated in 1991 and has been held every four years since.